Side dump bucket



3, 1966 P. PENSA SIDE DUMP BUCKET Filed Jan. 17, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 1a/vvowl'orl JMbw 4 mm X M Z'W JQ bkOPS W Aug. 23, 1966 P. PENSA3,268,101

, SIDE DUMP BUCKET Filed Jan. 17, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 23, 1966 P.PENSA 3,268,101

SIDE DUMP BUCKET Filed Jan. 17, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United StatesPatent 3,268,101 SIDE DUMP BUCKET Pietro Pensa, Milan, Italy, assignorto Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Filed Jan. 17,1962, Ser. No. 166,854 Claims priority, application Italy, Mar. 27,1961,

7 Claims. (a. 214-440 This invention relates to a side dumping, frontloading excavator bucket and particularly to such a bucket whichselectively dumps to either of the lateral sides of the vehicle on whichit is mounted.

The utility of being able to laterally unload an excavating bucket toeither one side or the other has heretofore been recognized, however,prior art devices have not proven entirely satisfactory. One prior artbucket is centrally pivoted to a support but such arrangement has theserious defect of not allowing a steep unloading inclination of thebucket and thus some types of materials do not discharge easily whenside dumping the bucket. Such prior art device fails to dischargematerial in an effective manner and does not efliciently fill the deviceinto which the material is dumped.

It is an object of this invention to provide a side dumping bucket whichhas improved dumping characteristics.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved side dumpbucket of the type which dumps to either lateral side of the vehicle onwhich installed.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a front loading,side dumping bucket which selectively pivots during side dumping on oneof two laterally spaced pinions.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a front loading,side dumping bucket which includes hydraulically actuated means forselectively dumping the bucket to one lateral side or the other.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a bucket which canbe dumped to either lateral side and includes means for releasablylocking the bucket to a supporting structure.

These and other objects and advantages of this invention will beapparent to those familiar with the art to which this invention pertainswhen the following description is read in conjunction with the drawingsof two embodiments of the invention in which:

FIG. 1 is a lateral side view of a vehicle with an excavating bucketmounted thereon;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of an excavating vehicle with a bucket constructedin accordance with one embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of part of the hydraulic control mechanismfor the bucket illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3;

FIG. 5 is a rear view of an excavating vehicle with a bucketincorporating a second embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5; v

FIG. 7 is a section view of the double hydraulic ram employed in theembodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6; and

FIG. 8 is a section view of one of the two laterally located pivotconnections between the bucket and support.

FIG. 1 shows a symmetrical side dumping bucket I mounted on anexcavating vehicle 2 by means of the supporting structure including afixed portion 4 on the vehicle. Vertically swinging arms 5 and 6 arepivoted at their front ends to a support 7 for the bucket 1. Uponmovement of the sliding pistons in cylinder 8, the rods 9 of saidpistons, which are coupled by articulated joints 10 to arms 5, willraise the bucket 1 to the position shown by dotted lines in FIG. 1. Theoperation of the bucket 1 is controlled from the drivers seat 3.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, which illustrate a first embodiment of thisinvention, the support 7 includes a pair of lateral lugs 11 and 12 whichare connected, respectively, by pinions 15 with pivot members in theform of lugs 13 and 14 solidly fixed to the front loading, side dumpingbucket 1. In each pair of lugs 11, 13 and 12, 14 there is alternatelyinserted, the reciprocable pivot elements in the form of pinions 15, soas to allow the bucket to pivot to a lateral dumping position to eitherside of the vehicle 2. The bucket 1 is provided on each side withlocking means 16, shown in detail in FIG. 4. Locking means 16 includes ahydraulic actuator comprising a cylinder 17, a piston 18 and a rod 20secured to the piston and having a spring biased plunger 19. Eachplunger 19 engages a hole in the associated lug 21 rigidly connected tothe side of the bucket 1.

' Hydraulically actuated means are provided to rotate the bucket and inthe first embodiment such means is a ram including, as shown in FIG. 4,a cylinder 22 in which a piston 23 can slide. The end 24 of cylinder 22is pivoted by a pin 25 to a central portion of the bucket support 7 andthe free end 26 of rod 27 of piston 23, is pivotally connected by meansof a pinion 28 to one or-the other of two pivot components in the formof lugs 29 and 30 located at points on the bucket 1 spaced laterally ofthe central portion of the support 7. In FIG. 2, the extremity 26 of rod27 is shown connected to lug 30.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cylinder 22 of the ram is divided into twoinversely variable volume chambers 31 and 32 by piston 23. Chambers 31and 32 communicate by means of pipes 33 and 34 with a source ofhydraulic pressure fluid and a reservoir, not shown. The chambers 31, 32are, respectively, in communication by means of conduits 35, 36 withchambers 37 and 38 into which each cylinder of the hydraulic actuators16 is divided by the associated piston 18.

The operation of the first embodiment of this invention will now bedescribed. When it is desired to unload or dump the bucket to the righthand side of the vehicle, as viewed in FIG. 3, it is necessary to bringpinion 15 into pivotal connection with lugs 12 and 14, then connectpinion 28 with the piston rod 27 and lug 30, then by means of thecontrol located at the driving seat 3, put conduit 33 into communicationwith the compressed fluid source, not shown, which is usually oil. Whenpressure fluid is applied, the parallel connected chambers 31 and 37 ofthe ram and actuator 17, cause parallel connected chambers 32 and 38 todischarge through conduit 34. Since the resistance to movement ofpistons 18 is less than the force exerted by pinion 28, by virtue of afull bucket, pistons 18 will be the first to move, thus withdrawing theplunger from the mating hole in lug 21 and hence freeing the bucketwhich can then be rotated by the hydraulically actuated means 22, 23.

To dump on the other lateral side of the vehicle it is only necessary tomove pinion 28 and the end 26 of the ram 22, 23 to pivotal connectionwith lug 29, and pivotally connect lugs 11 and 13 with the retractiblepivot pinion 15. The bucket may then be operated for dumping on the leftas viewed in FIG. 3.

The second embodiment of the invention will now be described withparticular reference to FIGS. through 8 in which the common parts or theparts similar to those described in regard to the first embodiment areindicated with the same reference numbers, with or without primes.

In the second embodiment the hydraulically actuated means includes adouble chamber ram having a cylinder 22 divided in two semicylinders 22and 22" by a baffle plate 22a. The cylinder 22 is pivoted at its centralpin 25 to the central portion of the support 7.

Inside of the cylinders 22', 22" slide two oppositely located pistons23' and 23" which operate alternately. Rollers 39 are mounted on therespective ends 26 and 26" of rods 27' and 27". Connecting rods or linksare pivotally connected at one end to the pins on which the rollers 39pivot and the other ends of the links 40 are pivotally connected bypivot joints 41 to support 7. The rollers 39 are in confronting relationto camming surfaces of cams 42 which are integrally formed on laterallyopposite sides of the bucket. This second embodiment also includes thepinions 15, oppositely located and mounted on each of the lugs 11 and12.

Referring to FIG. 8, the hydraulic control or actuating means in part11, includes an expansible and contractible hydraulic motor having acylinder 43 in which two pistons 44 slide. The opposite rods of thepistons extend outwardly to forma two part pivot element or pinion 15.The pistons 44 divide cylinder 43 into three chambers, namely, thecontrol chamber 45 between the two pistons, and chamber 46 between thepistons and the respective ends of cylinder 43. It is evident that ondelivering compressed oil through conduits 47 or 48, the pins or pinions15 will extend outwardly and pivotally connect with lugs 13 or willretract to disengage from lugs 13.

The operation of the second embodiment of this invention will now bedescribed. When it is desired to unload the bucket to the right, asviewed in FIG. 6, the controls are adjusted at the drivers seat todeliver compressed oil to conduits 4848 of the hydraulic motor in part11; into chambers 37 of the locking means 16, and into chamber 31 ofcylinder 22, causing the discharge of chamber 45 and chambers 38 oflocking means 16. The locking means 16 is used in both of theillustrated embodiments of this invention. Piston 23" floats by virtueof its opposite ends being placed in free flow fluid communication bythe controls, not shown. The oil pressure moves pistons 44 and 18 beforemoving pistons 23' 'by virtue of the difference in opposition to theirmovement. The right roller 39, as viewed in FIG. 6, will roll on theconfronting camming surface of cam 42 and the bucket will rotate aroundpinion 15 which connects parts 12 and'14.

It is obvious from the foregoing description and from the drawings thatI have provided an extremely novel front loading, side dumping bucket.The two embodi men-ts of my invention provide a high dumping inclinationfor the bucket to insure complete emptying of material from the bucket.When side dumping, the bucket discharges material a sufficient distanceto the side of the vehicle to insure efiicient loading of the devicebeing filled.

Although only two embodiments of the invention have been illustrated anddescribed, other variations are possible without departing from theinventive concept covered by the appended claims.

'What is claimed is:

1. In an excavating vehicle, the combination of a bucket supportstructure having a pivot element at each of its laterally oppositesides, a bucket structure having a pair of laterally spaced pivotmembers adapted for pivot-a1 connection with said pivot elements,respectively, hydraulic control means for selectively connecting one ofsaid elements to one of said members for relative pivotal movement,camming surfaces formed on said bucket at laterally opposite sides ofthe longitudinal center of said vehicle, a double hydraulic ramincluding a cylinder partitioned into two chambers mounted on saidsupport and a pair of reciprocable pistons in said chambers with rods,respectively, extending laterally from opposite ends of said cylinder,and rollers on said rods in confronting relation to said cammingsurfaces, one of said rollers engaging one of said camming surfaces uponoutward movement of the rod associated therewith.

2. The structure set forth in claim 1 wherein said cylinder is pivotallyconnected to said support structure and further comp-rising a pair oflinks pivotally interconnected, respectively, between the free ends ofsaid rods and said support structure.

3. The structure set forth in claim 2 wherein said control meansincludes a hydraulic motor on said support structure with a reciprocablecomponent fixedly secured to one of said pivot elements and wherein thelatter is reciprocable into and out of pivotal engagement with one ofsaid pivot members.

4. The structure set forth in claim 3 wherein said hydraulic motorincludes a pair of pistons in a common cylindrical chamber havingoppositely disposed rods forming one of said pivot elements.

-5. A side dump bucket construction for an excavating vehicle of thetype having vertically swingable support arm means, comprising:

a bucket support structure adapted for pivotal connection to a forwardend of said support arm means on a transverse axis,

a front loading side dumping bucket,

pivot means at each lateral side of said bucket perrmitting selectiveside dumping to opposite lateral sides, each of said pivot meansincluding spaced pivot members on said bucket having aligned openings,

a pair of pins reciprocably supported on said support structure inalignment with one another and said openings, and

an expansi'ble and contractible hydraulic motor a on said supportstructure between said pins, said pins moving into said openings,respectively, upon said motor being expanded and said pins moving out ofsaid openings upon said motor being contacted, and

power means in thrust transmitting relation to said bucket for pivotingsaid bucket laterally about one of said pivot means to a side dumpingposition.

6. The construction set forth in claim 5 wherein each of said motorsincludes a cylinder rigid on said support structure and a pair ofopposed reciprocable pistons in opposite ends of said cylinder in thrusttransmitting relation to said pins, respectively.

7. A side dump bucket construction for an excavating vehicle of the typehaving vertically swingable support arm means, comprising:

a bucket support structure adapted for pivotal con nection to a forwardend of said support arm means on a transverse axis,

a tront loading side dumping bucket,

pivot means at each lateral side of said pucket permitting selectiveside dumping to opposite lateral sides, each of said pivot meansincluding spaced pivot members on said bucket having aligned openings,

a pair of aligned pivot elements, and

5 6 hydraulic actuating means for said -pivot elements References Citedby the Examiner including cylinder means on said support struc- UNITEDSTATES PATENTS ture and a pair of pistons in said cylinder meansconnected, respectively, with said piv ot ele- 2047051 7/1936 et a1298-48 ments, said pivot elements being moved into said 5 2,130,6189/1938 p p 2,631,745 3/1953 Addison 214140 aligned openings upon saidpistons being moved k 2,821,313 1/1958 Warner 214140 away from oneanother and said pivot elements 22 0 2 1 62 And 4 4 being withdrawn fromsaid aligned openings 9 erson 21 0 upon said pistons being moved towardone an- FOREIGN PATENTS than a1 1d 10 912,302. 5/1954 Germany. powermeans in thrust transmitting relation to said 582,493 9 /1958 Italybucket for pivoting said bucket laterally about one of said pivot meansto a side dumping position. HUGO O. SCHULZ, Primary Examiner.

1. IN AN EXCAVATING VEHICLE, THE COMBINATON OF A BUCKET SUPPORTSTRUCTURE HAVING A PIVOT ELEMENT AT EACH OF ITS LATERALLY OPPOSITESIDES, A BUCKET STRUCTURE HAVING A PAIR OF LATERALLY SPACED PIVOTMEMBERS ADAPTED FOR PIVOTAL CONNECTION WITH SAID PIVOT ELEMENTS,RESPECTIVELY, HYDRAULIC CONTROL MEANS FOR SELECTIVELY CONNECTING ONE OFSAID ELEMENTS TO ONE OF SAID MEMBERS FOR RELATIVE PIVOTAL MOVEMENT,CAMMING SURFACES FORMED ON SAID BUCKET AT LATERALLY OPPOSITE SIDES OFTHE LONGITUDINAL CENTER OF SAID VEHICLE, A DOUBLE HYDRAULIC RAMINCLUDING A CYLINDER PARTITIONED INTO TWO CHAMBERS MOUNTED ON SAIDSUPPORT AND A PAIR OF RECIPROCABLE PISTONS IN SAID CHAMBERS WITH RODS,RESPECTIVELY, EXTENDING LATERALLY FROM OPPOSITE ENDS OF SAID CYLINDER,AND ROLLERS ON SAID RODS IN CONFRONTING RELATION TO SAID CAMMINGSURFACES, ONE OF SAID ROLLERS ENGAGING ONE OF SAID CAMMING SURFACES UPONOUTWARD MOVEMENT OF THE ROD ASSOCIATED THEREWITH.